Invitation to Comment: Participation in Inns of Court

The California Supreme Court Committee on Judicial Ethics Opinions (CJEO) invites public comment on a draft formal opinion about judges participating in Inns of Court—professional groups that bring together judges, lawyers, and law students to improve the practice of law.

The draft opinion, CJEO Draft Formal Opinion 2025-030, details the ethical rules judges must follow when they take part in Inns of Court. Of particular note is the mentorship aspect of Inn involvement, as it may in some instances necessitate disclosure or even disqualification. Other ethical considerations include membership solicitation, educational activities, networking, and gifts.

When a judicial officer participates in an Inn of Court, it not only benefits the Inn, but the legal community as a whole,” said committee member Justice Douglas P. Miller. "This opinion provides guidelines so that judicial officers can ensure their participation is in line with their ethical obligations.”

The committee’s Invitation to Comment is posted on CJEO’s website. Comments are due by June 23 and may be submitted by CJEO’s online comment form, by email to Judicial.Ethics@jud.ca.gov, or by mail to:

Jody Vakili
Chief Counsel
California Supreme Court Committee on Judicial Ethics Opinions
350 McAllister Street
San Francisco, California 94102

All comments submitted to CJEO may be posted on CJEO’s website for public review unless clearly marked as confidential. 

Public comments are an important part of CJEO’s process. These comments provide useful insight and help ensure that the committee considers all potential solutions, consequences, and points of view, which serves to improve the final opinion.

About the Committee on Judicial Ethics Opinions (CJEO)
The Committee on Judicial Ethics Opinions is a 12-member advisory committee that includes appellate justices, trial court judges, two retired judges, and a commissioner. The committee is appointed and authorized by the California Supreme Court, but its work is independent of the court, the Judicial Council, and all other entities. Its opinions are advisory and do not necessarily reflect the views of the California Supreme Court or any other entity. 

The committee issues formal, informal, and expedited advisory opinions on proper judicial conduct pursuant to the California Code of Judicial Ethics and other authorities. CJEO’s website includes advisory opinions, resources dedicated to specific judicial assignments and issues, and extensive judicial ethics tools and resource materials for the benefit of the bench and the public.